Chemical structure of propylene glycol
Propylene glycol (C3H8O2; CAS no. 57-55-6), also known as 1,2-propanediol, is a chemical compound (a diol alcohol), usually a tasteless, odorless, and colorless clear oily liquid that is hygroscopic and miscible with water.
Propylene glycol is used:
- as a moisturizer to maintain moisture in medicines, cosmetics, food, and tobacco products,
- as a flavoring agent in Angostura and Orange bitters,
- as a solvent for food colors and flavourings,
- as a humectant food additive, labeled as E number E1520,
- as a carrier in fragrance oils,
- as a food grade antifreeze and in de-icing solutions
- in smoke machines to make artificial smoke for use in firefighters' training and theatrical productions,
- in hand sanitizers, antibacterial lotions,
- as a main ingredient in many cosmetic products, including baby wipes, bubble baths, and shampoos.
- is the primary ingredient in the "Paint" inside a Paintball (along with food grade dye for color)
- is a common base ingredient used in aircraft deicing fluid
Safety
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has determined propylene glycol to be "generally recognized as safe" for use in food, cosmetics, and medicines. Similar to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol affects the body's chemistry by increasing the amount of acid, potentially resulting in metabolic problems. However, larger amounts of the substance are needed to cause this effect. Eating or drinking very large amounts can result in death, while large amounts can result in nausea, convulsions, slurred speech, disorientation, and heart and kidney problems. Propylene glycol is considerably less toxic than ethylene glycol. This is because propylene glycol is metabolized by the body into lactic acid, which occurs natually as muscles are excercised, while ethylene glycol is metabolized into oxalic acid, which is toxic.
External link
|
