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A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. Until the mid-1980s, television programming in most countries of the world was dominated by a small number of broadcast networks, but with the advent of cable television the cost of creating a television network has been reduced and there has been a huge increase in the number of networks with most of the newer networks catering to a small group. Many early television networks evolved from earlier radio networks.
Within the industry, a tiering is sometimes created among groups of networks based on whether their programming is simultaneously originated from a central point, and whether the network master control has the technical and administrative capability to take over the programming of their affiliates in real-time when it deems this necessary—the most common example being breaking national news events.
In countries where most networks broadcast identical, centrally originated content from all their stations and where most individual stations are therfore nothing more than large antennas, the terms television network, television channel and television station have become interchangeable in everyday language, with only professionals in TV-related occupations continuing to make a difference between them. This applies to most countries outside North America.
Broadcast television networks:
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
List of Canadian television channels
Chile
Chinese language
List of Chinese language television channels
China, Republic of
See entry for Taiwan below.
Colombia
France
Finland
- Yleisradio (YLE, Finnish Broadcasting Company) - state broadcaster
- MTV3 (Mainos-TV) - commercial station
- Nelonen (Channel Four Finland) - commercial station
Germany
Germany's many other TV channels are not networks since they do not consist of easily identifiable individual stations but broadcast identical contents, nationwide or within their single local area.
- ZDF - Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (Second German Television) second nationwide public Televison network (website: http://www.zdf.de/)
- HR Fernsehen - publicly owned TV channel for Hesse - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.hr-online.de/)
- rbb - publicly owned TV channel for Berlin and Brandenburg - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.rbb-online.de/)
- WDR - publicly owned TV channel for North Rhine-Westphalia - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.wdr.de/)
- NDR Fernsehen - publicly owned TV channel for Bremen, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Lower Saxony, operated by NDR and Radio Bremen - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.ndr.de/)
- BR- publicly owned TV channel for Bavaria - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.br-online.de/)
- MDR - publicly owned TV channel for Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.mdr.de/)
- SWR - publicly owned TV channel for Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.swr.de/)
- SR - publicly owned TV channel for Saarland - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.sr-online.de/)
- Radio Bremen - publicly owned radio station for Bremen, operating NDR Fernsehen together with NDR - part of the ARD network (website: http://www.radiobremen.de/)
- RTL Television - Germany's and Europe's largest Television network owned by Bertelsmann subsidary RTL Group for which it is it's flagship channel (website: http://www.rtl.de/)
- RTL 2 - owned by RTL Group (website: http://www.rtl2.de/)
- VOX - owned by RTL Group (website: http://www.vox.de/)
- Sat.1 - Germany's second biggest TV network - owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG (website: http://www.sat1.de/)
- Pro7 - owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG (website: http://www.prosieben.de/)
- kabel eins - owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG (website: http://www.kabeleins.de/)
- Tele 5 (website: http://www.tele5.de/)
- VIVA - German music channel, owned by MTV/Viacom (website: http://www.viva.tv/)
- VIVA plus (website: http://www.vivaplus.tv/)
- MTV Germany (Website: http://www.mtv.de/)
- MTV Pop (Website: http://www.mtv.de/mtvpop/)
- DSF - 24h German sports channel
- Eurosport - pan-European sports channel
- n-tv - a 24h news channel (jointly owned by RTL Group and CNN)
- n24- a 24h news channel owned by ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG
- Euronews - pan-European news channel (Website: http://www.euronews.net/)
- SuperRTL - Europe's most successful 24h kids channel (jointly owned by RTL Group and Disney)
- Ki.Ka - der Kinderkanal - kids channel owned and jointly operated by pubcasters ARD and ZDF
- Nick - a 24h German version of Nickelodeon
- Phoenix - a 24h news and documentary channel owned and jointly operated by pubcasters ARD and ZDF
- 3sat - a multinational cultural TV channel for the German speaking countries Germany, Austria, Switzerland, operated by the pubcasters in those counries (ARD, ZDF, ORF, SF DRS)
- arte - a franco-german cultural TV channel
- XXP - a documentary, reports and magazine channel operated by political weekly Der Spiegel and independent production company dctp
- terranova - documentary channel
- 9live - call-in, game show and quiz channel
- QVC - home shopping
- HSN24 - home shopping
- RTL Shop - home shopping
- 1-2-3-tv - home shopping via auctions
- Traumpartner TV - 24h dating channel owned by RTL Group
- NBC Europe
- EinsPlus - digital ARD channel (website: http://www.ard-digital.de/)
- EinsExtra - digital ARD channel
- EinsFestival - digital ARD channel
- ZDFdokukanal - digital ZDF channel
- ZDFInfokanal - digital ZDF channel
- ZDFtheaterkanal - digital ZDF channel
- premiere - pay TV platform
in addition there are numerous local, digital, cable and satelite channels
- See also: Pay television services (Hong Kong), Free television services (Hong Kong)
India
Indonesia
National
Regional/Local
There are 60 local TV (source: AC Nielsen Report-1st Semester 2005)
http://www.tvrimakassar.com )
- Agropolitan TV (ATV)- Batu, East Java
- Batu Televisi - Batu, East Java ( Website: http://www.geocities.com/batutelevisi )
- Bali TV - Bali
- Batam TV - Batam (Riau Pos Group)
- Bukittingi Televisi (BiTV) - Bukit Tinggi, Sumatra
- Bunaken TV - Manado
- Cahaya Televisi Banten (CTV) - Tangerang, Banten
- Gospel Overseas Television Network (GOTV) - Manado
- Jawa Pos Televisi (JTV) (Website: http://www.jtvrek.com/ )
- Jogja TV - Jogjakarta
- Makassar TV - Makassar
- O Channel - Jakarta
- Pacific TV - Manado
- Riau Televisi (Riau TV) - Pekanbaru, Riau (Riau Pos Group)
- Reksa Birama TV (RBTV) - Jogjakarta ( RB Group - Galeri Video - Amikom )
- Sri Gemilang TV (SGTV) - Inhil,Riau
- Televisi Manado (TVM)
- Tugu TV - Jogjakarta
- TV Borobudur (TVB) - Semarang, Central Java
- Bogor TV- Bogor, West Java
- GO TV- Cikarang, Bekasi, West Java
- Terang Abadi TV (TATV) - Solo, Central Java
- TVKU - Semarang, Central Java
Cable TV
Ireland
- note: BBC NI and UTV are based in Northern Ireland, RTÉ and TV 3 in the Republic of Ireland. However all four are available to most viewers throughout the island of Ireland, with UTV now accepting advertising from the Republic and targeting some of its programmes specifically at viewers in the Republic. Access to the Republic's stations (but in particular RTÉ) in Northern Ireland was a requirement of the Good Friday Agreement peace deal in 1998.
Japan
Korea
List of Korean Broadcasting networks
Malaysia
List of Malaysian television stations
Mexico
Monaco
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
- ABC (Associated Broadcasting Company) - the second-oldest television network in the Philippines [1]
- ABS-CBN Broadcasting Company - largest broadcasting conglomerate in the Philippines [2]
- GMA Network (Global Media Arts, Network Inc.), radio and TV network [4]
- GMA Pinoy TV, GMA's foreign broadcast arm in the US West Coast, Japan, Guam, and SE Asia
- National Broadcasting Network (NBN, formerly PTV) - the main state-owned television network
- RPN (Radio Philippines Network), a state-run television station
- ZOE TV, a television network of Jesus Is Lord Movement, a Christian group
- IBC (Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation) - a state-run television station
- SBN (Southern Broadcasting Network)
- Net 25 (New Era Television) - TV partner of Iglesia ni Cristo [5]
- GEM TV (Global Expansion Media) - TV partner of Iglesia ni Cristo
- RJTV (Rajah Television Network)
- UNTV - TV partner of Ang Dating Daan and Aksyon Demokratiko
- 3ABN (Three Angels Broadcasting Network)
Portuguese language
List of Portuguese language television channels
Qatar
Serbia
- Radio Television of Serbia state owned network (6 channels)
- RTV Pink previously state owned, has recently expanded into several other countries and is considered the MTV of Eastern Europe (particularly Slavic countries)
- BKTV
- Info-TV
Singapore
Spain
Spanish language
List of Spanish language television channels
Sweden
Taiwan
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) www.bbc.co.uk (4 TV Channels - BBC 1, 2, 3 & 4)
- Independent Television (ITV) www.itv.com(4 Channels - ITV 1, 2, 3 & Men and Motors. ITV 4 from October/November 2005.)
- Channel 4 www.channel4.com (4 Channels - Channel 4, E4, More4 (from November 1st 2005))
- Five www.five.tv (1 channel)
- UKTV www.uktv.co.uk (Part funded by BBC) (10 Channels - UKTV Gold, UKTV G2, UKTV Drama, UKTV Style, UKTV Style Gardens, UKTV Food, UKTV Bright Ideas, UKTV History, UKTV People & UKTV Documentry)
- Sianel Pedwar Cymru (S4C - in Welsh) www.s4c.co.uk
- Sky (BSkyB - satellite network) www.sky.com
United States
Over-the-air
See List of United States over-the-air television networks.
Cable & Satellite
See List of United States cable and satellite television networks.
Venezuela
See also
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